Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Targeting Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 Reverses Learning Deficits in an Oligodendrocyte-Focused Model of Costello Syndrome

doi: 10.64898/2026.06.01.729333

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) Recombination strategy for tamoxifen (tmx; cyan)–mediated replacement of the HRas gene (grey, flanked by loxP sites) with HRasG12V (purple) in PlpCreERt2;FR-HRasG12V (pHRsG/+) mice. B) 2-month-old (2MO) mice treated with tmx are subjected to the complex wheel (CW) test, as well as histological and DTI-MRI analyses, 1-16 weeks later. C) Cell populations are analyzed in seven regions throughout the anterior-posterior (I-IV) and lateral “B” - central “C” axes of the corpus callosum (CC), unless otherwise disclosed. D) Immunostaining of coronal sections showing recombinant cells (GFP+, green arrowheads), OLs (GSTpi+, purple arrowheads), and GFP+GSTpi+ recombinant OLs (orange arrowheads) in the CC of WT and pHRsG/+ mice. E) Bar graph showing that the percentage (normalized to dapi) of recombinant cells in WT and pHRsG/+ mice is not significantly different (unpaired Student’s t test; males P= 0.14 and females P= 0.24). Genotype/sex color code and “n” per group in E, G : male WT (green) and pHRsG/+ (orange); female WT (black) and pHRsG/+ (red). F) Immunostaining picture indicating recombinant cells (green arrowheads), microglia (IBA1+, blue arrowheads), and OPCs (PDGFRa+, orange arrowheads) in the CC of WT and pHRsG/+ mice. G) The percentage of IBA+ cells in WT and pHRsG/+ mice (% of age/gender matched WTs) indicates significantly decreased # of microglia in male pHRsG/+ mice (unpaired Student’s t test; P= 0.047). Insets in D and F show the CC region in high magnification (dotted yellow square). Dapi was used to stain nuclei and normalize cell densities per arbitrary units (AU). Scale bar = 25μm. *P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Floating sections were processed for immunodetection using antibodies for the reporter gene GFP (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan), and the cell-type markers GSTpi (MBL Ltd, Tokio, Japan), CC1 (Calbiochem, San Diego, CA, USA), NG2 (Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA), PDGFRa (Rn’D systems, Minneapolis, MN), GFAP (Dako, Santa Clara, CA, USA), IBA1 (Wako, Osaka, Japan), and NeuN (Millipore, St. Louis, MO).

Techniques: Immunostaining, Recombinant, Staining

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: A multiomics atlas of the Arabidopsis nuclear envelope

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aee7658

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Arabidopsis root schematic is colored according to annotated cell types derived from stage-resolved root scRNA-seq analyses ( GSE152766 ), with the corresponding UMAP shown on the left. The UMAP shown on the right is a projection of the same dataset ordered along a pseudotime trajectory (T0, youngest/least differentiated cells; T9, most mature/differentiated cells) illustrates developmental progression from the meristematic niche to differentiated tissues. ( B ) z score–normalized expression heatmap of NPC and PNET genes across pseudotime. ( C ) Coexpression modules identified by hdWGCNA are mapped to the pseudotime-ordered UMAP project in (A). Two major modules (M1 and M2) are shown, each enriched for distinct functional categories. Gene counts for NPC and PNET genes in each module are shown on the far right. ( D ) Representative confocal images showing spatial distribution of Nup promoter activity ( pNup::NLS-GFP ) and corresponding Nup proteins ( pNup::gNup-GFP ) in transgenic Arabidopsis root. The quiescent center is indicated by an arrowhead. Scale bars, 100 μm. ( E ) Cycloheximide (CHX) chase assay for NPC (Nup35, Nup54, Nup93a, and Nup160) and PNET (SUN1 and PNET2_A) proteins. Seedlings were treated with CHX for indicated time before protein was extracted and subject to immunoblot using anti-GFP and anti-actin antibodies. Protein quantification was normalized to time 0 in each sample and shown under immunoblots. Similar results were obtained three times.

Article Snippet: Protein extracts were separated by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by immunoblot analysis using an anti-GFP antibody (1:5000 dilution Clontech, catalog no. 632381), an anti-hemagglutinin antibody (1:5000 dilution; Roche, catalog no. 11867431001), or streptavidin–horseradish peroxidase (1:10,000 dilution; Abcam, catalog no. 7403).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Functional Assay, Activity Assay, Transgenic Assay, Western Blot